OpenHIE Shared Health Record (SHR)
The Shared Health Record (SHR) facilitates the sharing of clinical information between health information systems to enable better patient care, thus improving health outcomes. The Shared Health Record is a means of allowing different services to share health data stored in a centralized data repository. It contains a subset of normalized data for a patient from various systems such as an electronic medical record or the Laboratory Information Management System. This record is queried and updated between the different institutions and systems that are authorized to do so. The Shared Health Record is distinct from a data warehouse; it is an operational, real-time transactional data source.
A shared health record is normalised if all metadata items such as patient, provider, and facility identifiers are resolved to appropriate universal identifiers (as opposed to their local identifiers as used by a client system). In addition, all terminology codes in use need to be mapped to an appropriate reference terminology to ensure that the information is consistently understood.
See also Non-Functional Requirements.
OpenHIE SHR Workflow Requirements
A core principle of the OpenHIE architecture is to allow the various infrastructure services (such as the SHR) to be interchangeable. To support this, the OpenHIE Standards and Profiles used by the Shared Health Record are outlined in the workflows below.
To be an OHIE SHR component, the SHR application must be able to support the OHIE workflows listed below. Implementations may support only the workflows needed to support their use case:
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SHR Workflows (Described in detail in the later part of this document)
Recommendation/ Requirement
OpenHIE SHR Functional Requirements
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SHR Functional Requirement
Recommendation/ Requirement
SHRF-1
Stores patient level clinical data that forms a patient’s electronic health record
a. Stores unstructured clinical data such as PDFs and narrative text
b. Stores structured clinical data such as an encounter with several discrete observations, compatible with a standard exchange format
c. Relating clinical information to other clinical information, e.g., annotating/describing a document with discrete observations
Recommended
SHRF-2
Expose services that have the ability to receive and save patient clinical data in unstructured form, both text or binary (PDF/image), annotated with sufficient metadata to identify patient/provider.
Recommended
SHRF-3
Expose services that have the ability to receive and save patient clinical data in a structured form such as CDA documents or FHIR resources.
Recommended
SHRF-4
Expose services that have the ability to receive and save patient clinical data In a form that contains both structured and unstructured elements.
Recommended
SHRF-5
Exposes services that respond to queries for a patient’s EHR
a. Can return a specific known document or a list of documents for a patient (as it was submitted)
b. Can return a list of discrete observations for a patient that satisfy specific query parameters. This data can subsequently be used for trending or providing the previous encounters that a patient has had.
c. Can return a full set of clinical information stored about a patient
d. Return patient summary - everything the SHR knows about a patient with links to fetch the individual data items
Recommended
SHRF-6
The SHR shall maintain the context in which the data was submitted.
Recommended
SHRF-7
The SHR should keep detailed audit logs of all interactions with clinical data
a. Keep audit logs of any clinical and demographic data that is stored or changed. Logging who has accessed/viewed clinical information does NOT need to be stored, this is something that an interoperability layer could log.
b. Records and versions updates; records can never be deleted, only marked as such; any previous update should not rewrite old data; no information should ever be removed from the system.
Recommended
SHRF-8
The SHR should support the ability to export data for secondary use.
Recommended
SHRF-9
The SHR should provides interfaces/extension points at various stages of the data lifecycle to allow for semantic validation or simple decision support.
Recommended
SHRF-10
The SHR should allow for storage and retrieval of basic privacy/policy constraints (access control-restrict part of record and restrict entire record).
Recommended
SHRF-11
The SHR should be able to store identified and predefined observational data mapped to standard reference terminology.
Recommended
SHRF-12
The SHR should have a mechanism to resolve conflicts if records are submitted simultaneously.
Recommended
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